[Comparison of clinical and radiological features of keratinized gingiva and buccal cortical bone in patient with gingival recession]. / Kliniko-rentgenologicheskii analiz struktur keratinizirovannoi desny i naruzhnoi kortikal'noi plastinki v oblasti retsessii.

AIM: Compare clinical and radiological features of keratinized gingiva and buccal cortical bone of identical corresponding contralateral teeth with recession (recession group) or without recession (control group). A total of 60 teeth from 27 patient were observed. The thickness of gingiva was significant reduced in recession group (0.85 mm, range 0.7-0.95 mm) that in control group (0,95 mm, range 0.8-1.0 mm), p<0.05. In recession and control group the height of keratinized gingiva was 1.58 mm (range 0.9-1.9 mm) and 3.0 mm (range 2-3.4 mm), correspondingly (p<0,05). The mean distance from cementoenamel junction to buccal cortical bone was strongly different in recession and control group (5,8 mm vs 4,47 mm, p<0.05).

The accuracy of CBCT for the detection and diagnosis of vertical root fractures in vivo.

AIM: To compare the in vivo accuracy of CBCT for the detection of fracture lines versus the diagnosis of vertical root fractures (VRFs) according to characteristic patterns of associated bone resorption. METHODOLOGY: Eighty-eight patients with symptoms typical of VRFs in root filled teeth, who underwent a CBCT examination and later had the teeth extracted, were divided into two groups: the fracture group (n = 65) and the control group (n = 23). Five blinded observers assessed the CBCT images in two sessions. During the first session, they were asked to state the diagnosis according to the CBCT and clinical data. During the second session after 2 weeks, they assessed only axial slices and were asked to detect a fracture line. The mean CBCT specificity, sensitivity, accuracy values and area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve were calculated and compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. RESULTS: The average sensitivity of CBCT for the diagnosis of VRFs was 0.84 ± 0.2. The accuracy and AUC values were 0.81 ± 0.08 and 0.84 ± 0.17, respectively. The sensitivity, accuracy and AUC values for the detection of VRFs were significantly lower: 0.17 ± 0.24 (P = 0.042), 0.54 ± 0.07 (P = 0.043), and 0.52 ± 0.09 (P = 0.043), respectively. The specificity of CBCT for the detection and diagnosis of VRFs did not differ significantly (P = 0.50). CONCLUSION: Cone-beam computed tomography was helpful in VRF diagnosis even when it was not possible to visualize the fracture line.

[Detection of vertical root fractures by cone beam CT]. / Diagnostika vertikal'nykh treshchin kornei zubov s pomoshch'yu konusno-luchevoi komp'yuternoi tomografii.

The aim of the study was to assess the feasibility and precision of vertical root fracture diagnostics by cone beam CT (CBCT). Vertical root fractures were simulated in 25 sound teeth extracted because of orthodontic and periodontal reasons and examined by CBCT. The roots were then sectioned in corresponding planes and fractures were assessed microscopically. CBCT sensitivity and precision was significantly higher for visualization of vertical fractures >150 µm when compares to fractures <50 µm with no difference in specificity. CBCT is an effective tool for vertical root fractures detection.

Detection of artificially induced vertical root fractures of different widths by cone beam computed tomography in vitro and in vivo.

AIMS: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for the detection of artificially induced vertical root fractures (VRFs) of different widths in vitro and in vivo. METHODOLOGY: Vertical root fractures were induced in 25 extracted nonendodontically treated single-rooted human teeth (maxillary first premolars, maxillary canines and mandibular incisors). Twenty teeth without VRFs served as a control group. CBCT scanning (3D Accuitomo 170) was performed in vitro and in vivo. For the in vivo scanning, teeth were autoclaved, embedded into bite plates, placed in sterile plastic bags and then inserted into the mouths of volunteers. Teeth with VRFs were sectioned into axial slices and examined using a stereomicroscope to measure the widths of the VRFs. Five observers assessed the presence of VRFs using axial CBCT. Values for sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and interexaminer agreement were calculated. RESULTS: The accuracy, specificity and sensitivity of CBCT were significantly higher in vitro than in vivo for VRFs with widths 50-150 µm (P < 0.05). The sensitivity and accuracy of CBCT were significantly higher for the detection of VRFs with widths greater than 150 µm in vivo and in vitro (P < 0.05). The accuracy of CBCT in vivo was 0.29 and 0.8 for fracture widths ranging from 50 to 150 µm and wider than 150 µm, respectively. No significant differences in CBCT specificity were found between VRF widths both in vitro and in vivo. The interexaminer reliability of the raters revealed a kappa value of 0.72, demonstrating substantial agreement. CONCLUSION: The detectability of VRFs by CBCT in vitro and in vivo was dependent upon fracture width. The accuracy of CBCT in detecting VRFs of 50-300 µm width in vivo was significantly lower compared to the in vitro accuracy.

[The experience with the application of selective polarized chromotherapy in the clinical practice].

A series of investigations have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory, bactericidal, analgesic, and vegetocorrective effects of extraocular selective polarized chromotherapy using blue and red light and the possibility to optimize autonomous regulation with the help of this technique. The results of the study confirmed the high clinical effectiveness and safety of the method being considered for the treatment of acute respiratory diseases, chronic tonsillitis, cervical dorsopathies, and vegetative dysfunction.

[The erythrocyte as a physical system. The kinetics of transmembrane oxygen transport]. / Eritrotsit kak fizicheskaia sistema. Kinetika transmembrannogo perenosa kisloroda.

It is inferred from analysis of normal physiology data that erythrocyte membrane permeability for the oxygen in human organism must decrease at least 1000 times after oxygenation in the lungs. And the cell membranes of other tissues are also capable to change their permeability for the oxygen. The kinetics of blood oxygenation and deoxygenation is investigated in order to check this conclusion. Measurements of blood oxygenation kinetics together with oxygen tension in blood plasma allows to determine average value of membrane permeability decrease being equal 70 times. Biological expediency of fluctuation of the erythrocyte membrane permeability is discussed. A method of determination of optical oxymeters calibration and hemoglobin-oxygen equilibrium curve for the blood is proposed. It does not require the oxygen equilibrium between the blood plasma and the erythrocyte cytoplasm and uses only readings of a calibrated oxymeter. Variation of non-equilibrial state of the erythrocyte during the oxygen saturation is considered as the cause of the membrane permeability fluctuation. Erythrocyte parameters, such as its volume, substances concentration, transmembrane potential, are shown to depend on the amount of the substances not penetrating through the membrane and on osmotic pressure. A hypothesis of the transmembrane potential influence on the membrane permeability is proposed. The external electric field is shown experimentally to accelerate the blood deoxygenation.

[Dynamics of erythrocyte oxygenation in vitro]. / Dinamika oksigenatsii éritrotsitov in vitro.

The process of blood oxygenation in vitro was described theoretically. It was established that the dynamics of the oxygenation degree of different blood samples can be obtained from the certain universal time function by a change of the time scale. A special device was created for experimental investigation of oxygenation dynamics. The experimental data are in agreement with the theory.